Friday, June 5, 2015

BBS Biblical Flashback



BBS Biblical Flashback






Introduction


What is for the most part an exact copy of the script follows.  There are a few places where individual speakers could neither be heard nor understood: for this we apologize.  Every effort was made to be precise: there were just spots that defeated us.  Since this is a quote in its entirety it seemed unnecessary to mark it with quotation marks.  The notation for each speaker is tedious enough: Narrator, Reader, etc.  If you discover bothersome errors please reply to this Blog and point them out.  You may verify the script more easily by starting to replay it where the “time” stamps indicate discussion begins.  The second of the above links is free from advertising and thus easier to use.


http://swantec-oti.blogspot.com/


This is a radical rewriting of history, designed to undermine the actual history of the period.  The flashback to Abraham is unrelated to 1208.  The flash ahead to David and Goliath avoids all the relevant material from the Bible, which must be studied in detail to provide reality for this period.


Several false claims, must be refuted.  The Israelites did not write the Bible.  The Jews did not discover monotheism.  Monotheism does not lead to Yahweh, the God of the Bible; it is not a foundation for Christianity, Islam, or modern life.  The synthesis is not at all new.


Script


A Biblical Flashback (time 6:00)


N: The ancient Israelites are best known for familiar stories that chronicle their history, Abraham and Isaac, Moses and the Ten Commandments, David and Goliath.  It is the ancient Israelites who write the Bible.[1]  Through writing the Hebrew Bible the belief of the ancient Israelites survived to become Judaism, one of the world’s oldest continuously practiced religions.  And it is the Jews who give the world an astounding legacy, the belief in One God.  This belief will become the foundation of two other great monotheistic religions, Christianity, and Islam.  Often called the Old Testament to distinguish it from the New Testament which describes the events of early Christianity; today, the Hebrew Bible, and the belief in one God are woven into the very fabric of world culture.  But in ancient times all peoples, from the Egyptians, to the Greeks, to the Babylonians, worshipped many gods, usually in the form of idols.[2]  How did the Israelites, alone among ancient peoples, discover the concept of One God?  How did they come up with an idea that so profoundly changed the world?[3]  Now, archaeologists and biblical scholars are arriving at a new synthesis that promises to reveal not only fresh historical insights, but a deeper meaning of what the authors of the Bible wanted to convey.  They start by digging into the earth and the Bible.


Dever: You cannot afford to ignore biblical text, especially if you can isolate it from the kernel of truth behind these stories, and then you have the archaeological data.[4]  Now, what happens when text and artifacts seem to point in the same direction?  Then I think we are on very sound ground historically.


Commentary


Having begun with the Merneptah Stele dated at 1208, we are now hopelessly lost with an irrelevant flashback to Abraham (1951-1736) and Isaac, Moses and the Ten Commandments.  The only function of this flashback is to cast doubt on the historicity of Genesis.


Given the date of 1208 as a target, we should have begun with a terminus a quo for the Exodus at either 1446 or 1406.  The difference in years is caused by a text variation between the Masoretic Text (MT) and the Septuagint (LXX).  When 40 years is allowed for the Wilderness Wanderings we may estimate the date for Joshua crossing the Jordan at either 1406 or 1366.  Our terminus ad quem would be 966 for the fourth year of Solomon in either case.[5]  If we take 970 as the year of Solomon’s ascension; then 1010 would be the date of David’s ascension over Judah.[6]  David ascended to the monarchy 7 years, 6 months later 1003/02.  So 1010 marks the end of the period called Judges.[7]


So it is the period of Joshua and Judges from 1406 or 1366 to 1010 which is right around our target date of 1208, which should be our range of interest, rather than Genesis, or anything else in Torah.  Torah is simply irrelevant to the topic at hand.[8]  The information sources for this period are Joshua, Judges, Ruth, and 1 Samuel, together with the first four chapters of 2 Samuel, Psalms, and 1 Chronicles.  This is what should have been the subject matter for any flashback related to the Merneptah Stele.


By 1406 or 1366 the Israelites had conquered several nations east of the Jordan, and no doubt left woman, children, and non-combatant men behind in occupation of the newly gained east bank territories.


What happened next?  What happened during this period?  Joshua crossed the Jordan with the Israelites.[9]  Yahweh waged war against Jericho.[10]  Contrary to the popular spiritual, it was not “Joshua fit the battle of Jericho.”  Then Joshua embarked upon two campaigns against Ai and Bethel, during the first of which, Israel was defeated.[11]  Finally Joshua participated in three major campaigns or raiding parties: first through the center of the Holy Land, second to the south, and third to the north;[12] returning to his main camp at Gilgal.[13]


These campaigns are too frequently understood as the obliteration of Canaan.  However, few people with military experience would have this understanding of the account.  Joshua faced organized armed resistance.  Noncombatants hid themselves, and possibly even Canaanite reserves retreated from combat out of fear and certainty of defeat.[14]  What Joshua annihilated was the armed resistance that confronted him, nothing more.  These major battles were not generally conducted within cities.  Nor did Joshua conduct a slash and burn campaign.  Hazor was one of the few cities which Joshua was said to have burned.[15]  When Joshua departed from Hazor, he did not leave a battalion behind, he didn’t leave anything behind.


Subsequent to these campaigns the Israelites did not meet any major armed resistance for perhaps ten or so years.[16]  Even so the work of conquest was not finished.[17]


What happened as soon as Joshua returned to Gilgal after the last campaign, since no armies of occupation were left behind in the west?  As soon as Joshua was gone, the noncombatants came out of hiding and began to clean up.  Routed reserve units reorganized.  Enemy nations like Egypt, Philistia, Edom, Ammon, Moab, Syria, Assyria, and possibly the Hittites, saw a chance to stabilize regional control and gain political influence.  Even though Joshua had decisively won every major battle except for the first battle of Ai, he had conquered too much land to occupy.[18]  This amounts to sixteen or seventeen acres of land for each Israelite soldier to rid of enemy guerrillas and insurgents: not so easy to do in rugged hilly highland terrain.  Five acres of land is a lot for a man to manage without the aid of modern agricultural equipment, and without any enemies.  Moreover, the Israelites were saddled with inferior bronze weapons.[19]


After every major direct conflict, the broken and defeated armies automatically revert to guerrilla warfare, if they have any resistance left at all; or they resort to crime.  The Israelites did not readily take up the duties of an army of occupation.[20]  The Canaanites were given space and time to regroup, thus necessitating a second battle of Hazor.[21]  Caleb and his family alone are reported to have taking this occupational duty seriously.[22]


The book of Judges describes such an occupation as an era of extreme turmoil, during which Israel was not always dominant.  Not only did the Israelites quit on Yahweh; but Yahweh also got “fed up”, and quit on them.[23]  This turmoil provides the background for the suffering of Ruth, and continues through 1 Samuel; where the decisive defeat of the Israelites at the hands of the Philistines is described in detail.


Later when The Bible’s Buried Secrets chooses to finally address this era they will conveniently avoid all of this material from Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1 Samuel, 2 Samuel Chapters 1 through 4, Psalms[24], and 1 Chronicles, even though it provides the perfect intersection with the Merneptah Stele and 1208.  They will conveniently avoid any reference to Eli, Samuel, or Saul, and the many prominent events and persons that lie in between.


Instead The Bible’s Buried Secrets ignores all of this material and immediately leaps to David and Goliath.  From thence, the irrelevant leap to a false idea about biblical authorship is immediately made.  It is simply untrue to say, “It is the ancient Israelites who write the Bible.”  It is equally misleading to suggest that such a national writing process evolved into Judaism.  Rather, we should say that Yahweh, through the Bible and through suffering forged the Israelites into whatever they are today.  Judaism, however, lapses and fails to become the foundation of much of anything: certainly not a foundation for either Christianity or Islam.  It is equally false to claim “the Hebrew Bible, and the belief in one God are woven into the very fabric of world culture.”  What is firmly woven into modern world culture is pagan animistic and pantheistic polytheism, and this has been true since at least 1449 AD.[25]  There is also evidence from ancient times that at least some people were monotheistic Yahweh worshipers.[26]  Nor is this synthesis new; it was first invented in the nineteenth century by Julius Wellhausen.[27]


Conclusion


This is a radical rewriting of history, designed to undermine the actual history of the period.  The flashback to Abraham is unrelated to 1208.  The flash ahead to David and Goliath avoids all the relevant material from the Bible, which must be studied in detail to provide reality for this period.


Several false claims, must be refuted.  The Israelites did not write the Bible.  The Jews did not discover monotheism.  Monotheism does not lead to Yahweh, the God of the Bible; it is not a foundation for Christianity, Islam, or modern life.  The synthesis is not at all new.






[1] This in defiance of the claim that Moses and the prophets wrote the Bible.
[2] constructed from various materials
[3] Where is JHVH in this discussion?  Where is the claim that JHVH appeared to the Israelites in His Shəkinah Glory and revealed Himself to them?  The theocentric idea that God found them, is turned inside-out to pose the impossible anthropocentric question, “How did they find Him?  Answer: They did not; they could not; they were hopelessly enslaved.  It is amazing how one can reconstruct an ancient archaeological narrative, as long as one is willing to erase or ignore the central claim of the document.  Once JHVH and His Shəkinah Glory are deleted, one can literally get away with murder, by way of reinterpreting the evidence.
[4] This is a profound observation.  Without the Bible, we would not know where to dig in search of archaeological evidence; or what to call it, once it is found.  Archaeology is totally dependent on the Bible, but the Bible remains independent of archaeology.  Although Dever claims, “You cannot afford to ignore biblical text,” this does not mean that he intends to respect the biblical text, or that it expresses any authority of Yahweh over his life.  Rather, Dever intends to pick and choose from the Bible as he sees fit.  In such a case, the god who authorizes and empowers the Bible is Dever himself.  This is nothing less than self-idolization.
[5] The terminus a quo is calculated from the terminus ad quem.  The terminus ad quem is a firmly fixed date, being verified by the inscriptions related to Shishak I or Shoshenq I on the Bubastite Portal at Karnak and many other cross linkages.  See 1 Kings 6:1.  The MT has 480 years in this verse; while LXX has 440 years.  The terminus a quo is calculated, simply by adding 480 or 440 to 966, getting either 1446 or 1406 as a result.  Discovering which of 1446 or 1406 is better is more difficult.  For decades we have adhered blindly to the MT: yet, this becomes a kind of idolatry in its own right.  Today, we tend to prefer LXX: this requires a complete restudy of all the dating prior to 1010, which we do not have either the tools or the time to accomplish presently.  So our investigation of Joshua and Judges will have to live with a potential 40-year error.  Considering the material of Judges, such a 40-year error in dating is almost irrelevant.
Later in these blogs, we will have much more to say about the Bubastite Portal at Karnak, and provide more detailed references then.
[6] 2 Samuel 5:4-5
[7] Because of the sound linkage with 966 this must also be considered a fixed date; the ascension of David is not really debatable.
[8] Even if the bogus theory that Torah was written in 500 is accepted for the sake of argument, the subject matter is still irrelevant; it simply has no relationship to the events between 1406 and 1010 whatsoever.
[9] Joshua chapters 2 through 4
[10] Joshua chapter 6
[11] Joshua chapters 7 through 8
[12] Joshua chapters 10 through 11
[13] Joshua 4:19, 20; 5:9, 10; 9:6; 10:6, 7, 9, 15, 43; 12:23; 14:6
[14] This is the perfect description of a rout.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rout
[15] It is possible that only chariots were actually burned.  Joshua 11:6, 9, 13
[16] Joshua 11:23
[17] Joshua 13:1; Judges 2:23; 3:1-7
[18] Modern Israel, excluding the east and west banks, occupies in excess of 8,000 square miles.  With no stretch of imagination, including both east and west banks, Joshua needed to bring 16,000 square miles of territory under control.  That’s a land area bigger than Maryland; half the size of South Carolina.  That’s in excess of ten million acres.  At that time the census if Israelites was 603,550 male combatants: including women, children, and other noncombatants, a gross population of as many as 2.5 million.  This amounts to an average of 4 acres per person, most of whom would be city dwellers.  Each soldier would need to keep piece over 16 or more acres.  This is not difficult if a region is free from criminal or other enemy behavior.
[19] We are on the brink of the coming Iron Age in Israel.  It is clear from the text that some, perhaps all, of the Canaanites had already reached the Iron Age.  Although the Israelites were able to capture iron, there is no indication either that the Canaanites gave up their iron metallurgy, or that the Israelites figured out how to crack such iron metallurgy.  The “trade secret” gave the Canaanites a distinct military advantage, especially in terrains where iron could be employed to advantage against bronze or brass.  It is thought that a steel sword could cut through a bronze sword with a single blow, yet swords are not mentioned, only chariots.  The place name, Iron, may indicate that this was the only iron smelting facility in existence at this time.  Joshua 6:19, 24; 8:31; 17:16, 18; 19:38; 22:8; Judges 1:19; 4:3, 13.
[20] Joshua 13:13; 15:63; 16:10; 17:12, 13; 23:13; Judges 1:19, 21, 27-36; 2:1-3, 11-13; 3-1-7
[21] The first battle of Hazor is recorded in Joshua 11:1-13.  The second battle of Hazor is recorded in Judges Chapters 4 and 5.  It should be clear that Jabin is not a personal name: it is some sort of family (last) name or Canaanite title.  Sisera is most likely a family name as well.  Neither battle was fought within the city proper of Hazor, but both battles led to the eventual conquest of the city.  Hazor was choice real estate and valuable for occupation and reoccupation: as soon as Solomon occupied it, he made it a fortress.  The time span between the first and second battles for Hazor is roughly 171 years.  Since the time span between the start of the first and second world wars was only 25 years, it does not stretch our credulity to believe that multiple battles were fought over major cities, and that rebuilding immediately followed the cessation of conflict.  Joshua and Judges report to us the exact nature of war and occupation.
[22] Joshua 14:6-14; 15:13-18; 21:12; Judges 1:12-20; 3:9
[23] The first time, at Ai, was relatively minor, lasting only a few days.  The second time, with the Philistines was colossal, lasting years.  The final time, yet to come, would be nearly permanent, lasting centuries, even millennia.
[24] Psalm 76:8-11, 54-72, especially verse 66; 106:34-43; 135:10-12; 136:17-22; 141:7
[25] The close of the Council of Florence
[26] Genesis Chapters 5; 10; 11 through 50; Exodus Chapters 1 through 18, especially Moses’ father (Amram: See Exodus 6:20; Number 26:59) mother (Jochebed) and sister (Miriam), as well as Jethro (Moses’ father-in law); Psalm 110:4
[27] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Wellhausen
[28] If you have been blessed or helped by any of these meditations, please repost, share, or use any of them as you wish.  No rights are reserved.  They are designed and intended for your free participation.  They were freely received, and are freely given.  No other permission is required for their use.

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